The issue here is that the ISS is travelling about 17,500 mph. Even if you somehow stopped yourself immediately (watch The Expanse to see what happens what happens when someone traveling very fast sudden comes to a complete stop) I think you would be falling too fast by the time you hit the atmosphere to fall safely. Heat starts being an issue over mach 1 and you’ll be moving much fast than that. An unshielded astronaut suit would burn up quite fast in those conditions.
Nope. You would hit the atmosphere moving even faster